Multipliers and how they increase winnings
1. What is a multiplier
The multiplier is the factor by which the base win is multiplied by the combination or within the bonus mode. Depending on the type of slot, most winning events receive an additional bonus in the form of × 2, × 3 and higher.
2. Types of multipliers
1. Basic character multipliers
Embedded in the paytable: some "paying" characters immediately have an increased coefficient (for example, 3 × A → × 8 instead of the standard × 5).
2. Wild-multipliers
Fixed-When Wild enters a winning combination, the resulting line factor is multiplied by a specified number (× 2, × 3).
Expanding: When dropped on reels, Wild first expands and then multiplies all the lines it closes.
3. Multipliers in Free Spins
Starting multiplier: all winnings in the mode are multiplied by a fixed value (× 2- × 5).
Growing multipliers: after each spin, the multiplier increases according to the formula
$$
M_k = M_0 + (k-1)imes \delta,
$$
where $ M _ 0 $ is the initial multiplier, $\delta $ is the increment, $ k $ is the spin number.
4. Tumbling Multipliers
With cascaded character drop, each new wave receives a larger multiplier:
where $ n $ is the sequence cascade, $\alpha $ is the step (for example, + 0.5).
5. Progressive factors
Used in bonus games and jackpot rounds: the multiplier accumulates as the conditions are met (cell selection, wheel rotation).
3. Integrating Factors into a Mathematical Model
1. Paytable and RTP
In RTP calculations, each multiplier is counted as an additional payline with a corresponding probability.
Total contribution of multipliers:
where $ p _ i $ is the probability of the initial event, $ k _ i $ is the multiplier, $ w _ i $ is the base coefficient of the symbol.
2. Volatility balance
The higher the average multiplier, the higher the variance: large winnings happen less often, but their size increases noticeably.
When designing, one-time large factors are combined with a low frequency of their activation.
4. Example of winning calculation with multiplier
Conditions: bet 1 ₽ per line; a combination of 3 × B → a base × factor of 10; Wild-multiplier × 3.
Calculation:
5. Player recommendations
Study the paytable: note the symbols marked "×" - these are the basic multipliers.
Assess volatility: slots with frequent small factors are suitable for long-term play, with large ones for "hunting" for the jackpot.
Watch out for Free Spins modes and cascades: they have the greatest effect from multipliers.
Conclusion
Multipliers are a key gameplay element that allows you to strengthen winning combinations and make the gameplay more dynamic. Understanding their performance and impact on RTP and volatility will help players correctly assess the potential of the machine and choose the optimal strategy.
The multiplier is the factor by which the base win is multiplied by the combination or within the bonus mode. Depending on the type of slot, most winning events receive an additional bonus in the form of × 2, × 3 and higher.
2. Types of multipliers
1. Basic character multipliers
Embedded in the paytable: some "paying" characters immediately have an increased coefficient (for example, 3 × A → × 8 instead of the standard × 5).
2. Wild-multipliers
Fixed-When Wild enters a winning combination, the resulting line factor is multiplied by a specified number (× 2, × 3).
Expanding: When dropped on reels, Wild first expands and then multiplies all the lines it closes.
3. Multipliers in Free Spins
Starting multiplier: all winnings in the mode are multiplied by a fixed value (× 2- × 5).
Growing multipliers: after each spin, the multiplier increases according to the formula
$$
M_k = M_0 + (k-1)imes \delta,
$$
where $ M _ 0 $ is the initial multiplier, $\delta $ is the increment, $ k $ is the spin number.
4. Tumbling Multipliers
With cascaded character drop, each new wave receives a larger multiplier:
- $$
- M_n = 1 + (n-1)imes \alpha,
- $$
where $ n $ is the sequence cascade, $\alpha $ is the step (for example, + 0.5).
5. Progressive factors
Used in bonus games and jackpot rounds: the multiplier accumulates as the conditions are met (cell selection, wheel rotation).
3. Integrating Factors into a Mathematical Model
1. Paytable and RTP
In RTP calculations, each multiplier is counted as an additional payline with a corresponding probability.
Total contribution of multipliers:
- $$
- \sum (p_i imes k_i imes w_i)
- $$
where $ p _ i $ is the probability of the initial event, $ k _ i $ is the multiplier, $ w _ i $ is the base coefficient of the symbol.
2. Volatility balance
The higher the average multiplier, the higher the variance: large winnings happen less often, but their size increases noticeably.
When designing, one-time large factors are combined with a low frequency of their activation.
4. Example of winning calculation with multiplier
Conditions: bet 1 ₽ per line; a combination of 3 × B → a base × factor of 10; Wild-multiplier × 3.
Calculation:
- 1. Base Gain = 1 ₽ × 10 = 10 ₽
- 2. Apply the Wild multiplier: 10 ₽ × 3 = 30 ₽
- Total Line Payout = 30 ₽
5. Player recommendations
Study the paytable: note the symbols marked "×" - these are the basic multipliers.
Assess volatility: slots with frequent small factors are suitable for long-term play, with large ones for "hunting" for the jackpot.
Watch out for Free Spins modes and cascades: they have the greatest effect from multipliers.
Conclusion
Multipliers are a key gameplay element that allows you to strengthen winning combinations and make the gameplay more dynamic. Understanding their performance and impact on RTP and volatility will help players correctly assess the potential of the machine and choose the optimal strategy.
